009 - DRYING DATES IN A PALM GROVE SOUTH OF CAIRO, NILE VALLEY, EGYPT (29°43' N, 31°17' E).
Date palm trees are grown only in hot, arid areas with water resources, such as oases. More than six million tonnes of dates are produced each year worldwide. Most of the production from the Near East and North Africa is intended for each country’s domestic market and only 5 percent is exported. Egypt, the world’s second-leading producer after Iran, harvests more than 1,000,000 tonnes of dates each year, which are consumed locally at a rate of 15 kg per person per year. These dates are generally preserved in traditional ways. Fresh-picked, yellow or red depending on the variety, the dates slowly turn brown as they dry in the sun, protected from the wind and water by a small wall of earth and branches. They are then kept in baskets woven from palm leaves. Although most of the dates produced go on the table, several derivatives (including syrup, flour, dough, vinegar, sugar, alcohol, and pastries) are made from the fruit, either manually or industrially.